Highlighting Key Milestones of Semiotic Development:
Part 2: Milestones and Disorders from Sociocognitive Maturity to Dissolution

John W. Oller

Linda C. Badon

Communicative Disorders

University of Louisiana at Lafayette

Stephen D. Oller

Texas A&M University at Kingsville

 

Abstract

In our second presentation, we will finish whatever we did not get to in Part 1 and we will look ahead to key problems of dissolution as understood in the light of development. We consider and critique the "mirror image" theory as advocated by Roman Jakobson and show it to be somewhat overstated. We present a simpler theory of communication breakdowns generalized to an explanation of mortality and the necessary dissolution of communication abilities that necessarily comes with it. Our theory of dissolution is grounded in two complementary metaphorical models. These combine risk factors and their cumulative effects due to physical injuries from accidents, diseases, and toxins to ensure the inevitable fact of mortality. More particularly, we argue from Reason's "Swiss cheese" model of risks and a "domino" or "cascading effects" model of cumulative injuries to explain the inevitable dissolution of communication abilities towards the end of the life span. We also present evidence arguing that certain rapidly escalating disorders, such as those on the autism spectrum along with other so-called "pervasive developmental disorders" and, especially, the huge class of genetically linked neurodegenerative disorders, are more likely caused by toxic injuries and environmental factors than by unknown genetic causes. The mystery of the unknown "genetic" factors commonly alluded to without explanation by pharmaceutical companies, the Centers for Disease Control, the Federal Drug Administration, the American Dental Association, and other related medical groups to explain the increasing incidence of neurodegenerative disorders, we argue, is in part a mistaken but popular mythology and in part it is a smokescreen to cover up medical practices that need to be critically scrutinized. We present evidence showing that toxins put into our bodies by well-meaning doctors who ought to know better are certainly exacerbating if not the sole cause of certain neurodegenerative disorders. In conclusion, we contend that a richer and more comprehensive view of the milestones of normal semiotic development across the life span is a crucial step toward a richer and more comprehensive understanding of communication disorders and the dissolution of those abilities owed to injuries. These links we contend are essential to sorting out the "mysteries" of the autism spectrum, Asperger syndrome, Alzheimer's, Parkinsonism, the various scleroses (multiple sclerosis, alateral sclerosis aka Lou Gehrig's disease), and a host of other neurodegenerative conditions that have come into view since the middle of the 20th century. We point to the advances in the understanding of adrenoleukodystophy and other myelin destructive conditions as evidence that ordinary folks, not to mention serious researchers and theoreticians, can help to get to the bottom of many of the outstanding mysteries. Anyone see the film about Lorenzo's Oil? All of us, we believe, can make a difference in the incidence of many neurodegenerative conditions with the evidence to be presented on March 15.